Ch. 6

"The Cloud"

*Cloud- The elastic leasing of pooled computer computer resources on the computer.

*elastic- Means the computing resources released can increased or decreased dramatically, programmatically, in a short span of time and that organizations just pay the resources they use.

*pooled- Cloud resources are pooled because many different organizations use the same physical hardware.

With "the cloud" resources are accessed over the internet.

-preferred in house hosting.

-Does not make sense for those required by law or industry standard practice to have physical control over their data.

*network- A collection of computers that network with one another over transmission wires or wirelessly.

*Personal network area- connects devices located around a single person.

*Local area network- Connects computers that reside in a single geographic location on the premises of the company that operates the LAN.

*Wide area network- Connects computers at different geographic locations.

*Internet- Network of networks.

*Intranet- A private internet used exclusivley within an organization.

*Protocol- A set of rules and data structures for organizing communication.

 *Bluetooth- Another common wireless protocol used to make PAN connections.

*(ISP) Internet service provider- When you are connecting to the internet you are actually connecting to this.

*(DSL) Digital subscriber line- Operates on the same lines as voice telephones, but it operates so it does not interfere with voice telephone service.

*Cable Lines- Provide high speed data transmission using cable television lines.

*WAN wireless- A third way you can connect your computer, mobile device, or other communicating device.

*Hop- The movement from one network to another.

*Packet- message.

* Carriers- As your message Moves across the internet it passes through (networks owned by large telecommunication) known as carriers.

*Net neutrality principle- Where all data is treated equally.

*IP address- An internet address.

*Public IP adresses- Identify a particular device on the public internet.

*ICANN- Internet Corporation for assigned names and numbers.

*Private IP address- Identify a particular device on a private network, usually on the LAN.

-IP addresses have two common formats

the most common IPv4.  The second is called IPv6.

*Domain name- A worldwide unique name that is affiliated with a public IP address.

*URL( Uniform resource locator)- An address on the internet.

*Three -tier architecture- A design of user computers and servers that consist of three categories, or tiers.

*The server tier consists of of severs that run web servers and process application programs.

*database tiers -Consists of computers that run a DBMS that processes requests to retrieve data.

*Web page- A document coded in, usually html.

*WEb servers- programs that run on server tier computer and manage traffic by sending and recieving Web pages to and from clients.

*commerce server- An application program.

*(SOA) Service oriented architecture- According to this philosophy, all interactions among computing devices are defined as services in a formal, standardized way.

*encapsulated- No department has or need any knowledge of who works in another department nor how it will be processed.

*TCP/IP protocol architecture-

-this protocol has five layers

Data communications and software vendors write computer programs that implement the rules of a particular protocol.

* Hypertext transfer protocol (http)- protocol used between browsers and web servers.

*https- (you have a secure transmission)

*Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP)- used for email transmissions

* FTP (Fire transfer protocol)- Is used to move files over the internet.

*WDSL- a standard for describing the services, inputs and outputs and other data supporting a Web service.

*SOAP- A protocol for requesting web services and for sending web response to Web service requests.

*XML- A markup language used for transmitting documents. (Contains much meta data)

*JSON- A markup language used for transmitting data (Contains little meta data)

*Saas (Software as a service)- provides not only hardware infrastructure, but an operating system and application programs as well.

*Paas (Platform as a service)- Whereby vendors provide hosted computers, an operating system, and possibly a DBMS.

*infrustructure as a service (Iaas)- The cloud of hosting a bare server computer data storage.

*Content Delivery Network- A system of hardware and software that stores user data in many different geographical locations and makes those data available on demand.

*Virtual Private Network (VPN) Uses the internet to create the appearance of private, secure connections.

*Tunnel- A virtual, private pathway over a public or shared network from the VPN server in Chicago.

*Private Cloud- A cloud owned and operated by an organization for its own benefit.

*Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)- A subset of a public cloud that has highly restricted, secure access.